Oil burner



3 N. w. MARTINDALE 1 7 OOOOOOO ER atented Jan. 125, 1937 1 UNITED STATE "ATENT OFFICE olL BURNER/ Nathan Martindalachanute, Kaus. Application June 29, 1935, Serial No. 29,146-

3 Claims. (Cl, 299- 140) t *This invention relates to the, class of fuel burners and pertains particularly to a burner designed or 'luid fuel, more especially fuel oil. r The primary object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner which is designed to eliminate the use of and necessity for other unsatsfactory 'devices or ,controlling the amount of oil needed to effect efficient combustion, such as valves or the like, which govern the rate of flow by restricting the passage through which the fuel is forced to pass.

Another object of the invention is to provide animproved oil burner which renders unnecessary the use of strainers for collecting any sedimentthat may be in the fuel oil.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a valveless oil burner Which acilitates the -use of fuel'oils having a high basic sediment *content and'which are at present wasted because of the fact that the basic sediment content makes it impossible to use them in burners having Valves or other controlling devices which restrict the passage through which the oil passes.

Still-another object of the invention is to pro- Vide a valveless oil burner in which the efiicient and economic combustion of the oil is effected by a novel method of. regulating the proportions of oil and atomizingagent used, such as air, steam, or gas 'or conibinations of the same.

v The invention will be best understood from a Consideration of the following* detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing ferming part of this Specification, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing of the drawing but may be changed or modified so long as such changes or modifications mark no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appended claims. 1 a

In the drawingz- Figure 1 is a View in end elevation of the burner embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of' Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a View in side elevation of the core body of the valve.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, wherein like numerals of reference designate corresponding partsthroughout the several views, the numeral l indicates generally the main body portion of the burner which is of elongated design and comprises the shell 2, the elongated shank 3, and the discharge tip 4. The shell 2 is interiorly of circular cross section and is open at the top and at the bottom' to receive the' tapered core." 5 which is also of circular cross section to snugly contact the interior wall of the mixing Chamber.

This core 5 has at each side, the transversely cut passages or channels G, each of which has its inner wall ,surface vertically divided into the two faces 'I Which, are in the angular relation 'shown in Figure 2, so'that there is thus formed at the ends of the two transverse passages 6, the vertically disposed separating edges 8 and 9.

The tip 4 has a discharge passage ID passing longitudinally therethrough which, at its inner end, opens into the mixing Chamber H. This Chamber ll is of greater width where it opens through the inner face of the shell 2 than the edge B which divides the two passages 6 and the core when in position in the shell 2 has the edge 8 disposed centrally of the Chamber H so that a reduced passageway l2 is formed between each side of the Chamber ll and the adjacent corner of the edge portion 8.

The shank portion 3 of the burner is provided with the two parallel passages l3 and M which may be employed respectively for conveying oil to the desired atomizing agent, such as steam, air or the like. The edge 8 dividing the passages 6 is located between these passageways |3 and M- so that the oil fiowing through the passage 13 will enter one passage 6 which extends across the core 5 while the atomizing agent passing through the other passageway M will enter the Other passage 6 and the two fiuids will meet in the mixing Chamber I The core 5 is provided with a suitable top which may be in the form of a nut |5 to facilitate the attachment of a wrench to the core when the same is to be turned or removed and the opposite end of' the :'core has a threaded stem |6 extending therefrom, which projects through the lower part of the shell 2 to receive the removable nut l'l which maintains a plate |8 and washer 19 in position against the lower side of the shell to hold the core tightly therein.

In oil burners of the types at present in use, the rate of flow of the oil is governed by restricting the aperture through which the oil must pass and the opening thus formed for the oil is made so Very small that nothing of a solid nature may pass through with the oil but must remain lodged against the opening until an accumulated mass seriously effects the oil flow, thus requiring constant care of and attention to the burners. This impresses a comparatively low limit on the percentage of permissible basic sediment content in the fuel oils which may be used, restricting to other and lesser uses such oils as have a higher percentage of basic sediment or making it necessary to discard as waste these other oils of higher basic sediment content.

In the use of the present valveless oil burner, the foregoing disadvantages are completely overcome by removing the necessity for a restricted aperture for in this burner the rate of flow is governed -by opposing the pressures of the two fiuids against each other, the only use required for a valve being to completely Shut oiT the flow of oil and atomizing agent so as to permit the removal of the burner. When the burner is in use this shut off valve will be completely opened.

Referring more specifically to theburner structure, as illustrated in Figure 2, the oil passes through one passage B from the passageway 3 to the mixing Chamber I I, while the .atomizing agent passes through the passageway M and 'the other passage 6 to the mixing Chamber. In'this mixing Chamber .theoilis metand held in check by the pressure of the atomizing agent. It being understood that a definite pressure will be required to force ia :Specified volume of Vapor through an aperture of a' given area, it will be clear how 'a pressure may be'built up in a chamber, eventhough the Chamber has an open exit. The atomizing agent enters the passageway M at a comparatively high pressure, the aperture |2 at the entrance to'the mixing Chamber .H being designed to permit sufl'icient volume to pass through to build up the required pressure. The oil and atomizing agent thus meet with opposing pressures 'in the Chamber Il, the pressure of the atomizing agent being slightly in eXcess of the oil pressure so that the oil is held in check thereby. Here 'the oil and atomizing agent are mixed 'and pass out through ,the pas- Sage [0 to the tip 4, then complete atomization of the mixed fiuids taking place'as the same issue from the passage ln due to the suddenrelease of the pressure so that the fiuids are permitted suddenly to expand.

From the foregoing, it will be readily apparent that by regulating the p-ressures of the oil and atomizing agent, fuel Oil having a high basic sediment content may be employed 'without danger of clogging the burner and actual tests of the burner haveshown that other combustible substances 'may 'be .mixed with the oil, such as powdered coal, without impairing ,the efliciency of the ,burner.

The principles of this .burner as herein described' are adaptable to 'both industrial ..and domestic service.

Ivclaim:-

.1. An oil ;burner comprising an :elongatedbody consisting ,of 'a .shell like portion, means for conducting fiuids by .separate pasageways to the interior of the shell like portion and a tip having a pasageWay therethrough, said shell like portion having a mixing Chamber in the inner wall thereof which is in communioation with the passage of the tip, a plug disposed in said shell like portion and a pair of passageways formed transversely of the sides of the same, the ends of said passageways being in relatively close proximity at opposite sides of the plug whereby separating edges of difierent widths :are :formed therebetween, the said edge of ,greatest width being suflicient in width to completely cover said Chamber, but insufiicient. to cover at one time ,the two fiuid conducting passageways, and the Other edge being of a width less than the chamber but -materially greater in Width than the passageway leading from the Chamber through the tip.

2. In an oil burner noZZle, a hollow body, a tip connected with the body and having an oil discharge passage therethrough which enters the body, a vestibule at thelinner end of said passage opening intothe body 'and :having side walls converging :toward the opposite: end, means facilitating .the introduction of two fiuids into the body, and arotatable plug extending through the body and having transverse side .passages Which have their ends .in convergent :relation at y opposite sides of the plug forming two diametrically opposite edges, one of which is of 'greater width than the other, the edge of lesser Width being adapted tonormally position OVBI' the entrance to the vestibule fromthe but being of less width .thanvsaid entrance wherebynarrow inlets to the vestibule from the body areformed, the other edge being of a width :to cover said entrance.

3. In an oil burner nozzle; a body havinga Chamber, .a discharge tip .connected with' the body and having a passage therethrough Which enters the Chamber, a 'vestibule at the inner end Of said passage .in the wall surface of the chamber and having .walls oonverging toward the passage, means facilitating the introduction of two fiuids .into the Chamber, anda body in the Chamber formed to maintain :the introduced fiuidsseparated therein andhaving a portionengaging the wall of the Chamber ,andfiextendinz across the vestibule, the said 'body ;portionbeing inrspaoed relation with .theinnerfiedges of the vestibule .wall whereby to form separate *fluid entrance passages to the vestibule whereby each entering fluid Will be .directed toward a Wall of the vestibule along a .path extending-.transversely to the path of :the other fiuid, and said second 55 NATHAN WM. oo 

